Rusyda Fajarani, Muhammad Artha Jabatsudewa Maras, Siti Fauziyah Rahman
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a metal oxide that has high chemical stability, high biocompatibility, and high conductivity properties as a semiconductor. The sol-gel method has been used for TiO2 production as it is the easiest way to produce TiO2 powder with high purity. In this study, TiO2 powder was synthesized through the sol-gel method with titanium(III) chloride (TiCl3) as a precursor. The mixture of TiCl3 and NH4OH solutions to form a sol was followed by a sonication process to form a gel. The formed gel is then dried and followed by calcination at 500 ℃. The results obtained TiO2 powder with a yield of 5.68%. The resulting TiO2 powder was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the surface structure, revealing asymmetrically shaped TiO2 powders with non-uniform particle sizes. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis showed the elemental composition of the material, showing a high percentage of Ti (45.38 ± 3.94%) and O (45.28 ± 7.78%) without any impurities. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the wavenumber range of 4000–400 cm−1 showed the presence of Ti–O bending vibrations as a strong absorption band at the wavenumber range of 900–400 cm−1, which indicates successful synthesis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java, Depok, 16424, Indonesia; Biomedical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, West Java, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
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