Kuntum Khoiro Ummah, Gania Kayla Artha, Inayah Salsabila Alattas, Natasha Risa Wibowo, Maqbul Kamaruddin, Dwi Teguh Rahardjo, Dewanto Harjunowibowo
The building sector is a major consumer of energy worldwide. In tropical zones, elevated temperatures and direct solar exposure necessitate greater use of air conditioning, which is the principal driver of energy demand within this sector. Consequently, sustainable building design is crucial for improving energy efficiency. This study investigates the optimal roof geometry for minimising building heat load in tropical regions using computer simulations performed with DesignBuilder software. The roof models tested - flat, dome, Pyramidal, and Scandinavian - maintained consistent building volume while varying building orientation. Simulation results demonstrate that the Scandinavian roof with an East or West orientation yields the lowest indoor temperatures by 3.7% compared to the pyramidal type due to its small surface area and the sharp solar incidence angle on the roof plane. Conversely, the Pyramidal roof geometry exhibited the highest temperatures. These findings verify the crucial role of a building's roof design and orientation in achieving thermal comfort, which assists in developing Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) concepts. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Department of Physics Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia; Department of ICT Integrated Ocean Smart City Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, South Korea; Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, South Lampung Regency, 35365, Indonesia