Ahmad Shobib, Calaelma Logys Imalia, Nur Rokhati, Bambang Pramudono
Lignin is the third macromolecular component of wood which is covalently bound to cellulose and hemicellulose with a complex cross-linked structure. The natural structure of lignin is in the form of branched polyphenol polymers with irregular repeating units consisting of coniferyl alcohol (G), sinapyl alcohol (S) and p-coumaryl alcohol (H). Lignin is an abundant natural content and is found mostly in wood and plant fibers, such as tree trunks, twigs and plant fibers. In this study, crude lignin was obtained from teak, mahogany, sengon and water hyacinth wood using an extraction method using 37% hydrogen peroxide (p.a). Hydrogen peroxide has been proven to be able to break the Cα – Cβ bonds of lignin molecules and open the lignin ring and other reactions so as to optimize the extraction results obtained. Next, the crude lignin from the four types of wood is continued with a lignin separation process using 96% sulfuric acid (p.a) to obtain the lignin content. This study aims to determine the characterization of lignin from various types of wood, namely teak, mahogany, sengon, and water hyacinth qualitatively using FT-IR analysis and then compared with commercial lignin. The results of the study showed that in the four types of lignin (teak, mahogany, water hyacinth and sengon) the functional groups were in accordance with commercial lignin with the emergence of several absorption peaks that are typical of lignin including hydroxyl groups (O-H), alkanes (C-H), conjugated ketones (C=O), conjugated alkanes (C=C), deformations (C-H) attached to methyl and methylene, sulfonic acids (S=O), anhydrides, and typical compounds of wood in plants, namely substituted phenols. © 2026 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Doctoral Program of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50239, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas, 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, Semaranag, 50233, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan, 35365, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Central Java, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
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