Sena Maulana, Fajar Aditya Julyatmojo, Fajar Paundra, Muhammad Iqbal Maulana, Sarah Augustina, Rio Ardiansyah Murda, Se-Yeong Park, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
The objective of this study was to evaluate a moderate hydrothermal window within a moderate hydrothermal temperature of 115 °C to 126 °C for 1 h to 3 h on the bamboo-oriented strand board (BOSB) performance. Betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) strands were steamed and converted into BOSB with a target density of 700 kg m−³ using phenol-formaldehyde, and evaluated according to the JIS A 5908 standard. ATR-FTIR and TGA/DTG were used as strand-level indicators for selected schedules to track the carbonyl band at 1730 cm-1 to 1740 cm−¹ and the hemicellulose shoulder at 200 °C to 300 °C, respectively, alongside the cellulose peak at 320 °C to 360 °C. BOSB density and moisture content did not differ between treatments, allowing steaming effects to be interpreted without confounding from consolidation. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) decreased mainly with treatment time from 1 h to 3 h. Modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) showed a significant temperature by time interaction, with 120 °C for 3 h performing best, and a decline at 126 °C for 3 h. The internal bond (IB) strength increased with significant main effects of both temperature and time. Overall, temperature (115 °C to 126 °C) was the dominant factor, which supports a severity-guided (log R₀) pathway to balancing dimensional stability and adhesion strength in BOSB. © 2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Department of Forestry Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia; Green and Sustainable Materials Society, Lampung, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Lampung, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (National Research and Innovation Agency), South Tangerang, Indonesia; Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea