Andry Yuliyanto, Chania Rahmah, Nevin Geraldo Kosasih
Indonesia's air transport network plays a crucial role in national connectivity; however, the island-specific effects on airport performance remain understudied. The analysis covers 77 Indonesian airports from 2016 to 2023, applying a Game Cross-Efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to capture competitive relationships among airports. Following this, Tobit regression and multi-period Difference-in-Differences (DiD) analysis identify efficiency drivers and isolate causal effects of ownership. The results show that evident regional disparities exist, with Java Island and Injourney-managed airports exhibiting higher efficiency. Specifically, key factors influencing efficiency include gross regional domestic product, unemployment, and airport location. Moreover, ownership transfer to Injourney led to a short-term decline in efficiency, followed by medium-term gains, whereas the pandemic caused severe and sustained disruption. Overall, the study emphasizes targeted investment in underperforming regions, tailored transition policies, and resilience planning to strengthen the air transport system. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Department of Civil Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, South Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia; Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, South Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia; Sustainable Infrastructure Research Center, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, South Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia
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