Anisa Fitri, Bayu Prasetya, Quratul Aini, Fauzi Ikhsan, Rizky Aflaha, Kuwat Triyana, Tarmizi Taher, Muhamad F. Arif, Aditya Rianjanu
Achieving an optimal balance between structural integrity and adsorption performance remains a critical challenge in the development of thermally treated adsorbent materials. In this study, three-dimensional printed zeolite/glycerol (3D-Ze/Gy) composites were fabricated and sintered at various temperatures to investigate the influence of thermal treatment on their structural, morphological, and adsorption characteristics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the preservation of the clinoptilolite-dominant zeolite phase up to 700 °C, while Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the progressive removal of organic components without disrupting the zeolite framework. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed subtle changes in surface morphology at higher sintering temperatures, with indications of smoother particle interfaces that may reflect partial thermal consolidation. Adsorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB) followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model with high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.990), indicating chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. Isotherm analysis showed a better fit to the Langmuir model (R2 up to 0.990), suggesting monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (qe) reached 0.79 mg/g for the 3D-Ze/Gy-400 sample and decreased to 0.59 mg/g for 3D-Ze/Gy-700, likely due to reduced pore accessibility after thermal treatment. The proposed adsorption mechanism involves cation exchange between dye molecules and the zeolite framework, facilitated by electrostatic interactions. These findings demonstrate the importance of optimizing sintering conditions to maintain sufficient adsorption capacity while ensuring structural stability in 3D-printed zeolite-based composites for environmental remediation applications. © 2025 The Authors
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Lampung Selatan, Jati Agung, 35365, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara PO Box BLS 21, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Regional Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Lampung Selatan, Jati Agung, 35365, Indonesia; Center for Green and Sustainable Materials, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Lampung Selatan, Jati Agung, 35365, Indonesia
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