N. Pratiwi, D. Herdiwijaya, T. Hidayat, M.I. Ikhsan
Telkom-1 is a geosynchronous communications satellite owned by telecommunications company, PT Telkom Indonesia. This paper will discuss solar radiation pressure as one of the most significant perturbations in geostationary orbits. Solar radiation pressure models come in various types, each differing in complexity and accuracy. The simplest solar radiation pressure model is a spherical model, often used for educational or preliminary calculations. Based on our modelling, the results indicate that the semimajor axis values from the spherical model closely approximate the actual data. However, the eccentricity calculated from the spherical model is nearly ten times larger than that derived from the actual data. Additionally, the amplitude of the mean anomaly from the spherical model increases over time, and the spherical model of inclination also demonstrates an increasing trend with time. © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union.
Department of Astronomy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia