Mochamad L. Firmansyah, Nurul S. Hassan, Aishah A. Jalil, Rino R. Mukti, Lee Peng Teh, Herma D. Setiabudi
Adsorption has been widely used in waste water treatment due to its simplicity and cost-effective process. One of the popular adsorbent was silica due to their advantageous properties. Immobilizing additive onto particular adsorbent is one of the way to enhance adsorption capacity. Immobilizing ionic liquid (IL) onto silica-based support could alleviate the drawbacks of IL and enhance the adsorption capacity. Thus, silica-based materials, silica and mesostructured silica nanoparticle (MSN), were impregnated with a phosphonium-based ionic liquid (IL), trioctyldodecylphosphonium bromide (P8,8,8,12Br), which was designated as IL@SIL and IL@MSN. The structural variation of the support greatly impact the adsorbent performance. The results showed that IL@MSN with superior surface properties exhibit a faster reaction kinetic and lower thermodynamic barrier for the adsorption of Pb(II). Both adsorbents followed a pseudo second-order kinetic and chemically adsorbed Pb(II). IL@MSN showed a higher adsorption capacity in both batch and column adsorption than that of IL@SIL. The equilibrium data of both adsorbents fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 256.4 and 142.9 mg g−1 for IL@MSN and IL@SIL, respectively. In agreement with the batch experiment, IL@MSN showed a higher adsorption capacity in column adsorption than that of IL@SIL (325.6 and 242.2, respectively). Column adsorption with IL@MSN was able to achieve 94% removal of Pb(II) while IL@SIL achieved 70%. Superior surface properties of IL@MSN allowed a longer duration of column exhaustion than that of IL@SIL. The column experimental data showed a good fit with the Thomas model. Immobilized IL on silica based materials has potential as an adsorbent for heavy metals and structural variation over the support material played an important role. © 2021 Institution of Chemical Engineers
Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, UTM Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Research and Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, College of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Kuantan, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
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