Serli Nopia, Adam Irwansyah Fauzi, Anjar Dimara Sakti, Muhammad Ulin Nuha, Nova Anika, Raden Putra, Diyanti Isnani Siregar, Budhi Agung Prasetyo, Atriyon Julzarika, Ketut Wikantika
Drought is a common, slow-moving disaster that is difficult to pinpoint its beginning and end. As a country located in the tropics, Indonesia is sensitive to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate anomaly, where this event causes drought. Therefore, this study analyzes the drought in Indonesian rice fields by comparing the 2015 El Nino status with the normal 2013 status. CHIRPS data are used in this study to calculate the 9-month-based Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for 2013 and 2015. In 2013 the average rice field was normal to the extreme wet range with the largest area under normal conditions (43.46%) and the lowest in severely dry conditions (0.06%). However, in 2015 rice fields were normal to the extreme dry range with the largest area under normal conditions (35.28%) and the lowest in severe wet conditions (0.04%) of the total area of rice fields in Indonesia. The total increase in moderate drought in rice fields throughout Indonesia was 17333.83 km2, severe drought was 20324.69 km2, and extreme drought was 5134.44 km2. The highest increase in extreme drought after the El Nino event was in the Sumatra region with 3075.14 km2, while the highest increase in severe drought and drought occurred in the Java region with a total area of 13263.46 km2 and 12293.53 km2. © 2023 Author(s).
Department of Geomatics Engineering, Faculty of Regional and Infrastructure Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Center for Remote Sensing, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Science Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Center of Sustainable Development Goals, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Research and Innovation Center for Geospatial Information Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Departement of Biosystems Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Departement of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Research and Innovation Center for Disaster Mitigation and Early Detection of Forest Fires, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Department of Forestry Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Selatan, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia; Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), Jakarta, 13710, Indonesia